Lichen

Annotated importer.py

101:be308b898916
2016-10-15 Paul Boddie Added a method providing the parent of any reference alias.
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#!/usr/bin/env python
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"""
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Import logic.
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Copyright (C) 2006, 2007, 2008, 2009, 2010, 2011, 2012, 2013,
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              2014, 2015, 2016 Paul Boddie <paul@boddie.org.uk>
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This program is free software; you can redistribute it and/or modify it under
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the terms of the GNU General Public License as published by the Free Software
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Foundation; either version 3 of the License, or (at your option) any later
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version.
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This program is distributed in the hope that it will be useful, but WITHOUT
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ANY WARRANTY; without even the implied warranty of MERCHANTABILITY or FITNESS
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FOR A PARTICULAR PURPOSE.  See the GNU General Public License for more
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details.
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You should have received a copy of the GNU General Public License along with
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this program.  If not, see <http://www.gnu.org/licenses/>.
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"""
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from errors import ProgramError
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from os.path import exists, extsep, getmtime, join
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from os import listdir, makedirs, remove
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from common import init_item, readfile, writefile
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from modules import CachedModule
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from referencing import Reference
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import inspector
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import sys
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class Importer:
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    "An import machine, searching for and loading modules."
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    def __init__(self, path, cache=None, verbose=False):
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        """
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        Initialise the importer with the given search 'path' - a list of
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        directories to search for Python modules.
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        The optional 'cache' should be the name of a directory used to store
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        cached module information.
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        The optional 'verbose' parameter causes output concerning the activities
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        of the object to be produced if set to a true value (not the default).
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        """
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        self.path = path
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        self.cache = cache
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        self.verbose = verbose
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        # Module importing queue, required modules, removed modules and active
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        # modules in the final program.
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        self.to_import = set()
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        self.required = set(["__main__"])
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        self.removed = {}
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        self.modules = {}
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        # Module relationships and invalidated cached modules.
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        self.accessing_modules = {}
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        self.invalidated = set()
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        # Basic program information.
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        self.objects = {}
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        self.classes = {}
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        self.function_parameters = {}
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        self.function_defaults = {}
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        self.function_targets = {}
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        self.function_arguments = {}
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        # Unresolved names.
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        self.missing = set()
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        # Derived information.
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        self.subclasses = {}
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        # Attributes of different object types.
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        self.all_class_attrs = {}
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        self.all_instance_attrs = {}
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        self.all_instance_attr_constants = {}
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        self.all_combined_attrs = {}
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        self.all_module_attrs = {}
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        self.all_shadowed_attrs = {}
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        # References to external names and aliases within program units.
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        self.all_name_references = {}
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        self.all_initialised_names = {}
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        self.all_aliased_names = {}
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        # General attribute accesses.
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        self.all_attr_accesses = {}
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        self.all_const_accesses = {}
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        self.all_attr_access_modifiers = {}
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        # Constant literals and values.
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        self.all_constants = {}
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        self.all_constant_values = {}
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        self.make_cache()
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    def make_cache(self):
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        if self.cache and not exists(self.cache):
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            makedirs(self.cache)
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    def check_cache(self, details):
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        """
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        Check whether the cache applies for the given 'details', invalidating it
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        if it does not.
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        """
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        recorded_details = self.get_cache_details()
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        if recorded_details != details:
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            self.remove_cache()
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        writefile(self.get_cache_details_filename(), details)
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    def get_cache_details_filename(self):
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        "Return the filename for the cache details."
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        return join(self.cache, "$details")
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    def get_cache_details(self):
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        "Return details of the cache."
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        details_filename = self.get_cache_details_filename()
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        if not exists(details_filename):
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            return None
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        else:
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            return readfile(details_filename)
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    def remove_cache(self):
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        "Remove the contents of the cache."
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        for filename in listdir(self.cache):
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            remove(join(self.cache, filename))
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    def to_cache(self):
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        "Write modules to the cache."
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        if self.cache:
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            for module_name, module in self.modules.items():
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                module.to_cache(join(self.cache, module_name))
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    # Object retrieval and storage.
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    def get_object(self, name):
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        """
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        Return a reference for the given 'name' or None if no such object
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        exists.
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        """
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        return self.objects.get(name)
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    def set_object(self, name, value=None):
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        "Set the object with the given 'name' and the given 'value'."
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        if isinstance(value, Reference):
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            ref = value.alias(name)
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        else:
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            ref = Reference(value, name)
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        self.objects[name] = ref
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    # Identification of both stored object names and name references.
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    def identify(self, name):
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        "Identify 'name' using stored object and external name records."
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        return self.objects.get(name) or self.all_name_references.get(name)
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    # Indirect object retrieval.
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    def get_attributes(self, ref, attrname):
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        """
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        Return attributes provided by 'ref' for 'attrname'. Class attributes
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        may be provided by instances.
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        """
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        kind = ref.get_kind()
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        if kind == "<class>":
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            ref = self.get_class_attribute(ref.get_origin(), attrname)
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            return ref and set([ref]) or set()
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        elif kind == "<instance>":
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            return self.get_combined_attributes(ref.get_origin(), attrname)
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        elif kind == "<module>":
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            ref = self.get_module_attribute(ref.get_origin(), attrname)
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            return ref and set([ref]) or set()
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        else:
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            return set()
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    def get_class_attribute(self, object_type, attrname):
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        "Return from 'object_type' the details of class attribute 'attrname'."
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        attr = self.all_class_attrs[object_type].get(attrname)
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        return attr and self.get_object(attr)
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    def get_instance_attributes(self, object_type, attrname):
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        """
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        Return from 'object_type' the details of instance attribute 'attrname'.
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        """
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        consts = self.all_instance_attr_constants.get(object_type)
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        attrs = set()
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        for attr in self.all_instance_attrs[object_type].get(attrname, []):
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            attrs.add(consts and consts.get(attrname) or Reference("<var>", attr))
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        return attrs
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    def get_combined_attributes(self, object_type, attrname):
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        """
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        Return from 'object_type' the details of class or instance attribute
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        'attrname'.
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        """
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        ref = self.get_class_attribute(object_type, attrname)
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        refs = ref and set([ref]) or set()
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        refs.update(self.get_instance_attributes(object_type, attrname))
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        return refs
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    def get_module_attribute(self, object_type, attrname):
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        "Return from 'object_type' the details of module attribute 'attrname'."
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        if attrname in self.all_module_attrs[object_type]:
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            return self.get_object("%s.%s" % (object_type, attrname))
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        else:
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            return None
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    # Convenience methods for deducing which kind of object provided an
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    # attribute.
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    def get_attribute_provider(self, ref, attrname):
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        """
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        Return the kind of provider of the attribute accessed via 'ref' using
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        'attrname'.
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        """
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        kind = ref.get_kind()
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        if kind in ["<class>", "<module>"]:
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            return kind
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        else:
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            return self.get_instance_attribute_provider(ref.get_origin(), attrname)
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    def get_instance_attribute_provider(self, object_type, attrname):
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        """
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        Return the kind of provider of the attribute accessed via an instance of
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        'object_type' using 'attrname'.
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        """
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        if self.get_class_attribute(object_type, attrname):
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            return "<class>"
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        else:
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            return "<instance>"
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    # Module management.
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    def queue_module(self, name, accessor, required=False):
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        """
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        Queue the module with the given 'name' for import from the given
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        'accessor' module. If 'required' is true (it is false by default), the
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        module will be required in the final program.
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        """
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        if not self.modules.has_key(name):
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            self.to_import.add(name)
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        if required:
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            self.required.add(name)
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        init_item(self.accessing_modules, name, set)
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        self.accessing_modules[name].add(accessor.name)
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    def get_modules(self):
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        "Return all modules known to the importer."
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        return self.modules.values()
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    def get_module(self, name):
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        "Return the module with the given 'name'."
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        if not self.modules.has_key(name):
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            return None
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        return self.modules[name]
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    # Program operations.
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    def initialise(self, filename, reset=False):
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        """
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        Initialise a program whose main module is 'filename', resetting the
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        cache if 'reset' is true. Return the main module.
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        """
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        if reset:
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            self.remove_cache()
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        self.check_cache(filename)
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        # Load the program itself.
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        m = self.load_from_file(filename)
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        # Load any queued modules.
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        while self.to_import:
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            for name in list(self.to_import): # avoid mutation issue
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                self.load(name)
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        # Resolve dependencies between modules.
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        self.resolve()
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        # Record the type of all classes.
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        self.type_ref = self.get_object("__builtins__.type")
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        # Resolve dependencies within the program.
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        for module in self.modules.values():
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            module.complete()
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        # Remove unneeded modules.
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        all_modules = self.modules.items()
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        for name, module in all_modules:
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            if name not in self.required:
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                module.unpropagate()
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                del self.modules[name]
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                self.removed[name] = module
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        # Collect redundant objects.
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        for module in self.removed.values():
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            module.collect()
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        # Assert module objects where aliases have been removed.
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        for name in self.required:
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            if not self.objects.has_key(name):
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                self.objects[name] = Reference("<module>", name)
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        return m
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    def finalise(self):
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        """
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        Finalise the inspected program, returning whether the program could be
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        finalised.
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        """
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        if self.missing:
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            return False
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        self.finalise_classes()
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        self.to_cache()
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        self.set_class_types()
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        self.define_instantiators()
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        self.collect_constants()
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        return True
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    # Supporting operations.
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    def resolve(self):
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        "Resolve dependencies between modules."
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        self.waiting = {}
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        for module in self.modules.values():
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            # Resolve all deferred references in each module.
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            for ref in module.deferred:
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                found = self.find_dependency(ref)
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                if not found:
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                    self.missing.add((module.name, ref.get_origin()))
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                # Record the resolved names and identify required modules.
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                else:
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                    ref.mutate(found)
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                    # Find the providing module of this reference.
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                    provider = self.get_module_provider(ref)
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                    if provider:
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                        module.required.add(provider)
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                        self.accessing_modules[provider].add(module.name)
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                        # Postpone any inclusion of the provider until this
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                        # module becomes required.
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                        if module.name not in self.required:
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                            init_item(self.waiting, module.name, set)
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                            self.waiting[module.name].add(provider)
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                        # Make this module required in the accessing module.
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                        elif provider not in self.required:
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                            self.required.add(provider)
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                            if self.verbose:
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                                print >>sys.stderr, "Requiring", provider, "for", ref
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        # Check modules again to see if they are now required and should now
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        # cause the inclusion of other modules providing objects to the program.
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        for module_name in self.waiting.keys():
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            self.require_providers(module_name)
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    def require_providers(self, module_name):
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        """
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        Test if 'module_name' is itself required and, if so, require modules
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        containing objects provided to the module.
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        """
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        if module_name in self.required and self.waiting.has_key(module_name):
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            for provider in self.waiting[module_name]:
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                if provider not in self.required:
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                    self.required.add(provider)
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                    if self.verbose:
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                        print >>sys.stderr, "Requiring", provider
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                    self.require_providers(provider)
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    def find_dependency(self, ref):
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        "Find the ultimate dependency for 'ref'."
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        found = set()
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        while ref and ref.has_kind("<depends>") and not ref in found:
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            found.add(ref)
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            ref = self.identify(ref.get_origin())
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        return ref
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    def get_module_provider(self, ref):
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        "Identify the provider of the given 'ref'."
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        for ancestor in ref.ancestors():
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            if self.modules.has_key(ancestor):
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                return ancestor
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        return None
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    def finalise_classes(self):
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        "Finalise the class relationships and attributes."
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        self.derive_inherited_attrs()
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        self.derive_subclasses()
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        self.derive_shadowed_attrs()
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    def derive_inherited_attrs(self):
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        "Derive inherited attributes for classes throughout the program."
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        for name in self.classes.keys():
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            self.propagate_attrs_for_class(name)
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    def propagate_attrs_for_class(self, name, visited=None):
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        "Propagate inherited attributes for class 'name'."
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        # Visit classes only once.
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        if self.all_combined_attrs.has_key(name):
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            return
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        visited = visited or []
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        if name in visited:
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            raise ProgramError, "Class %s may not inherit from itself: %s -> %s." % (name, " -> ".join(visited), name)
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        visited.append(name)
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        class_attrs = {}
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        instance_attrs = {}
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        # Aggregate the attributes from base classes, recording the origins of
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        # applicable attributes.
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        for base in self.classes[name][::-1]:
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            # Get the identity of the class from the reference.
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            base = base.get_origin()
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            # Define the base class completely before continuing with this
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            # class.
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            self.propagate_attrs_for_class(base, visited)
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            class_attrs.update(self.all_class_attrs[base])
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            # Instance attribute origins are combined if different.
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            for key, values in self.all_instance_attrs[base].items():
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                init_item(instance_attrs, key, set)
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                instance_attrs[key].update(values)
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        # Class attributes override those defined earlier in the hierarchy.
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        class_attrs.update(self.all_class_attrs.get(name, {}))
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        # Instance attributes are merely added if not already defined.
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        for key in self.all_instance_attrs.get(name, []):
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            if not instance_attrs.has_key(key):
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                instance_attrs[key] = set(["%s.%s" % (name, key)])
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        self.all_class_attrs[name] = class_attrs
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        self.all_instance_attrs[name] = instance_attrs
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        self.all_combined_attrs[name] = set(class_attrs.keys()).union(instance_attrs.keys())
paul@0 544
paul@0 545
    def derive_subclasses(self):
paul@0 546
paul@0 547
        "Derive subclass details for classes."
paul@0 548
paul@0 549
        for name, bases in self.classes.items():
paul@0 550
            for base in bases:
paul@0 551
paul@0 552
                # Get the identity of the class from the reference.
paul@0 553
paul@0 554
                base = base.get_origin()
paul@0 555
                self.subclasses[base].add(name)
paul@0 556
paul@0 557
    def derive_shadowed_attrs(self):
paul@0 558
paul@0 559
        "Derive shadowed attributes for classes."
paul@0 560
paul@0 561
        for name, attrs in self.all_instance_attrs.items():
paul@0 562
            attrs = set(attrs.keys()).intersection(self.all_class_attrs[name].keys())
paul@0 563
            if attrs:
paul@0 564
                self.all_shadowed_attrs[name] = attrs
paul@0 565
paul@0 566
    def set_class_types(self):
paul@0 567
paul@0 568
        "Set the type of each class."
paul@0 569
paul@0 570
        for attrs in self.all_class_attrs.values():
paul@16 571
            attrs["__class__"] = self.type_ref.get_origin()
paul@0 572
paul@0 573
    def define_instantiators(self):
paul@0 574
paul@0 575
        """
paul@0 576
        Consolidate parameter and default details, incorporating initialiser
paul@0 577
        details to define instantiator signatures.
paul@0 578
        """
paul@0 579
paul@0 580
        for cls, attrs in self.all_class_attrs.items():
paul@0 581
            initialiser = attrs["__init__"]
paul@0 582
            self.function_parameters[cls] = self.function_parameters[initialiser][1:]
paul@0 583
            self.function_defaults[cls] = self.function_defaults[initialiser]
paul@0 584
paul@0 585
    def collect_constants(self):
paul@0 586
paul@0 587
        "Get constants from all active modules."
paul@0 588
paul@0 589
        for module in self.modules.values():
paul@0 590
            self.all_constants.update(module.constants)
paul@0 591
paul@0 592
    # Import methods.
paul@0 593
paul@0 594
    def find_in_path(self, name):
paul@0 595
paul@0 596
        """
paul@0 597
        Find the given module 'name' in the search path, returning None where no
paul@0 598
        such module could be found, or a 2-tuple from the 'find' method
paul@0 599
        otherwise.
paul@0 600
        """
paul@0 601
paul@0 602
        for d in self.path:
paul@0 603
            m = self.find(d, name)
paul@0 604
            if m: return m
paul@0 605
        return None
paul@0 606
paul@0 607
    def find(self, d, name):
paul@0 608
paul@0 609
        """
paul@0 610
        In the directory 'd', find the given module 'name', where 'name' can
paul@0 611
        either refer to a single file module or to a package. Return None if the
paul@0 612
        'name' cannot be associated with either a file or a package directory,
paul@0 613
        or a 2-tuple from '_find_package' or '_find_module' otherwise.
paul@0 614
        """
paul@0 615
paul@0 616
        m = self._find_package(d, name)
paul@0 617
        if m: return m
paul@0 618
        m = self._find_module(d, name)
paul@0 619
        if m: return m
paul@0 620
        return None
paul@0 621
paul@0 622
    def _find_module(self, d, name):
paul@0 623
paul@0 624
        """
paul@0 625
        In the directory 'd', find the given module 'name', returning None where
paul@0 626
        no suitable file exists in the directory, or a 2-tuple consisting of
paul@0 627
        None (indicating that no package directory is involved) and a filename
paul@0 628
        indicating the location of the module.
paul@0 629
        """
paul@0 630
paul@0 631
        name_py = name + extsep + "py"
paul@0 632
        filename = self._find_file(d, name_py)
paul@0 633
        if filename:
paul@0 634
            return None, filename
paul@0 635
        return None
paul@0 636
paul@0 637
    def _find_package(self, d, name):
paul@0 638
paul@0 639
        """
paul@0 640
        In the directory 'd', find the given package 'name', returning None
paul@0 641
        where no suitable package directory exists, or a 2-tuple consisting of
paul@0 642
        a directory (indicating the location of the package directory itself)
paul@0 643
        and a filename indicating the location of the __init__.py module which
paul@0 644
        declares the package's top-level contents.
paul@0 645
        """
paul@0 646
paul@0 647
        filename = self._find_file(d, name)
paul@0 648
        if filename:
paul@0 649
            init_py = "__init__" + extsep + "py"
paul@0 650
            init_py_filename = self._find_file(filename, init_py)
paul@0 651
            if init_py_filename:
paul@0 652
                return filename, init_py_filename
paul@0 653
        return None
paul@0 654
paul@0 655
    def _find_file(self, d, filename):
paul@0 656
paul@0 657
        """
paul@0 658
        Return the filename obtained when searching the directory 'd' for the
paul@0 659
        given 'filename', or None if no actual file exists for the filename.
paul@0 660
        """
paul@0 661
paul@0 662
        filename = join(d, filename)
paul@0 663
        if exists(filename):
paul@0 664
            return filename
paul@0 665
        else:
paul@0 666
            return None
paul@0 667
paul@12 668
    def load(self, name):
paul@0 669
paul@0 670
        """
paul@0 671
        Load the module or package with the given 'name'. Return an object
paul@0 672
        referencing the loaded module or package, or None if no such module or
paul@0 673
        package exists.
paul@0 674
        """
paul@0 675
paul@0 676
        # Loaded modules are returned immediately.
paul@0 677
        # Modules may be known but not yet loading (having been registered as
paul@0 678
        # submodules), loading, loaded, or completely unknown.
paul@0 679
paul@12 680
        module = self.get_module(name)
paul@0 681
paul@0 682
        if module:
paul@12 683
            return self.modules[name]
paul@0 684
paul@0 685
        # Otherwise, modules are loaded.
paul@0 686
paul@0 687
        # Split the name into path components, and try to find the uppermost in
paul@0 688
        # the search path.
paul@0 689
paul@0 690
        path = name.split(".")
paul@0 691
        path_so_far = []
paul@12 692
        module = None
paul@0 693
paul@0 694
        for p in path:
paul@0 695
paul@0 696
            # Get the module's filesystem details.
paul@0 697
paul@0 698
            if not path_so_far:
paul@0 699
                m = self.find_in_path(p)
paul@0 700
            elif d:
paul@0 701
                m = self.find(d, p)
paul@0 702
            else:
paul@0 703
                m = None
paul@0 704
paul@0 705
            path_so_far.append(p)
paul@0 706
            module_name = ".".join(path_so_far)
paul@0 707
paul@0 708
            if not m:
paul@0 709
                if self.verbose:
paul@0 710
                    print >>sys.stderr, "Not found (%s)" % name
paul@0 711
paul@0 712
                return None # NOTE: Import error.
paul@0 713
paul@0 714
            # Get the module itself.
paul@0 715
paul@0 716
            d, filename = m
paul@12 717
            module = self.load_from_file(filename, module_name)
paul@0 718
paul@12 719
        return module
paul@0 720
paul@12 721
    def load_from_file(self, filename, module_name=None):
paul@0 722
paul@0 723
        "Load the module from the given 'filename'."
paul@0 724
paul@0 725
        if module_name is None:
paul@0 726
            module_name = "__main__"
paul@0 727
paul@0 728
        module = self.modules.get(module_name)
paul@0 729
paul@0 730
        if not module:
paul@0 731
paul@0 732
            # Try to load from cache.
paul@0 733
paul@12 734
            module = self.load_from_cache(filename, module_name)
paul@0 735
            if module:
paul@0 736
                return module
paul@0 737
paul@0 738
            # If no cache entry exists, load from file.
paul@0 739
paul@0 740
            module = inspector.InspectedModule(module_name, self)
paul@0 741
            self.add_module(module_name, module)
paul@0 742
            self.update_cache_validity(module)
paul@0 743
paul@12 744
            self._load(module, module_name, lambda m: m.parse, filename)
paul@0 745
paul@0 746
        return module
paul@0 747
paul@0 748
    def update_cache_validity(self, module):
paul@0 749
paul@0 750
        "Make 'module' valid in the cache, but invalidate accessing modules."
paul@0 751
paul@12 752
        accessing = self.accessing_modules.get(module.name)
paul@12 753
        if accessing:
paul@12 754
            self.invalidated.update(accessing)
paul@0 755
        if module.name in self.invalidated:
paul@0 756
            self.invalidated.remove(module.name)
paul@0 757
paul@0 758
    def source_is_new(self, filename, module_name):
paul@0 759
paul@0 760
        "Return whether 'filename' is newer than the cached 'module_name'."
paul@0 761
paul@0 762
        if self.cache:
paul@0 763
            cache_filename = join(self.cache, module_name)
paul@0 764
            return not exists(cache_filename) or \
paul@0 765
                getmtime(filename) > getmtime(cache_filename) or \
paul@0 766
                module_name in self.invalidated
paul@0 767
        else:
paul@0 768
            return True
paul@0 769
paul@12 770
    def load_from_cache(self, filename, module_name):
paul@0 771
paul@0 772
        "Return a module residing in the cache."
paul@0 773
paul@0 774
        module = self.modules.get(module_name)
paul@0 775
paul@12 776
        if not module and not self.source_is_new(filename, module_name):
paul@13 777
            module = CachedModule(module_name, self)
paul@12 778
            self.add_module(module_name, module)
paul@0 779
paul@12 780
            filename = join(self.cache, module_name)
paul@12 781
            self._load(module, module_name, lambda m: m.from_cache, filename)
paul@0 782
paul@0 783
        return module
paul@0 784
paul@12 785
    def _load(self, module, module_name, fn, filename):
paul@0 786
paul@0 787
        """
paul@12 788
        Load 'module' for the given 'module_name', and with 'fn' performing an
paul@12 789
        invocation on the module with the given 'filename'.
paul@0 790
        """
paul@0 791
paul@12 792
        # Load the module.
paul@0 793
paul@0 794
        if self.verbose:
paul@53 795
            print >>sys.stderr, module_name in self.required and "Required" or "Loading", module_name, "from", filename
paul@0 796
        fn(module)(filename)
paul@0 797
paul@54 798
        # Add the module object if not already defined.
paul@54 799
paul@54 800
        if not self.objects.has_key(module_name):
paul@54 801
            self.objects[module_name] = Reference("<module>", module_name)
paul@54 802
paul@0 803
    def add_module(self, module_name, module):
paul@0 804
paul@0 805
        """
paul@0 806
        Return the module with the given 'module_name', adding a new module
paul@0 807
        object if one does not already exist.
paul@0 808
        """
paul@0 809
paul@0 810
        self.modules[module_name] = module
paul@12 811
        if module_name in self.to_import:
paul@12 812
            self.to_import.remove(module_name)
paul@0 813
paul@0 814
# vim: tabstop=4 expandtab shiftwidth=4